Mallet toe occurs when the joint nearest the tip of the toe becomes permanently bent downward. The condition often develops gradually and may result from improper footwear, repetitive stress, arthritis, nerve disorders, or muscle imbalance. As the deformity progresses, patients may experience pain, calluses, swelling, and difficulty fitting into regular shoes.
Treatment begins with identifying the underlying cause and assessing the flexibility of the affected joint. Mild cases are usually managed through conservative methods, including comfortable footwear with a wide toe box, protective padding, orthotic devices, stretching exercises, and physical therapy. These approaches help reduce discomfort while preventing further progression.
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